Roll‐to‐roll UV embossing process applied for light bar‐based sub‐wavelength gratings for backlight

This study proposes a roll‐to‐roll process‐based sub‐wavelength grating, which is attached on a light bar to turn the side‐lit red/green/blue (620, 520, and 450 nm) incident rays into a uniformly and normally output white light with high illuminance from the light bar's surface. On the basis of the rigorous coupling wave analysis, the relationship between the first‐order transmission/reflection efficiency and the pitch of the gratings with different shapes was analyzed. The optimal design can effectively reduce the coupling length and enhance the white color balance for display applications.     

Scalable influence maximization for independent cascade model in large-scale social networks

Influence maximization, defined by Kempe et al. (SIGKDD 2003), is the problem of finding a small set of seed nodes in a social network that maximizes the spread of influence under certain influence cascade models. The scalability of influence maximization is a key factor for enabling prevalent viral marketing in large-scale online social networks. Prior solutions, such as the greedy algorithm of Kempe et al. (SIGKDD 2003) and its improvements are slow and not scalable, while other heuristic algorithms do not provide consistently good performance on influence spreads. In this article, we design a new heuristic algorithm that is easily scalable to millions of nodes and edges in our experiments. Our algorithm has a simple tunable parameter for users to control the balance between the running time and the influence spread of the algorithm. Our results from extensive simulations on several real-world and synthetic networks demonstrate that our algorithm is currently the best scalable solution to the influence maximization problem: (a) our algorithm scales beyond million-sized graphs where the greedy algorithm becomes infeasible, and (b) in all size ranges, our algorithm performs consistently well in influence spread—it is always among the best algorithms, and in most cases it significantly outperforms all other scalable heuristics to as much as 100–260% increase in influence spread.     

不平衡样本下基于变分自编码器预处理深度学习和DGA的变压器故障诊断方法

为提高变压器故障诊断效果,并改善训练样本数量不平衡对故障诊断的不利影响,提出了一种基于变分自编码预处理深度学习和油中溶解气体分析(dissolved gas-in-oil analysis,DGA)的变压器故障诊断方法。该方法以各样本DGA特征量为诊断模型输入,以各故障状态概率分布为诊断模型输出。首先通过变分自编码器对少数类训练样本进行预处理,在学习确定少数类训练样本分布特征的基础上实现训练样本自动生成,进而提高训练样本的均衡性。基于3隐层结构堆栈稀疏自编码器深度学习网络构建变压器故障诊断模型,并以经变分自编码器预处理后的均衡训练样本对诊断模型参数进行更新优化。基于实例验证了所提方法的有效性。实验结果表明,所提方法可改善训练样本不平衡的不利影响,各训练集下,采用所提方法的变压器故障诊断结果准确率均保持在91%以上,且漏报率较低。     

Choline Acetyltransferase Induces the Functional Regeneration of the Salivary Gland in Aging SAMP1/Kl -/- Mice

Salivary gland dysfunction induces salivary flow reduction and a dry mouth, and commonly involves oral dysfunction, tooth structure deterioration, and infection through reduced salivation. This study aimed to investigate the impact of aging on the salivary gland by a metabolomics approach in an extensive aging mouse model, SAMP1/Klotho -/- mice. We found that the salivary secretion of SAMP1/Klotho -/- mice was dramatically decreased compared with that of SAMP1/Klotho WT (+/+) mice. Metabolomics profiling analysis showed that the level of acetylcholine was significantly decreased in SAMP1/Klotho -/- mice, although the corresponding levels of acetylcholine precursors, acetyl-CoA and choline, increased. Interestingly, the mRNA and protein expression of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), which is responsible for catalyzing acetylcholine synthesis, was significantly decreased in SAMP1/Klotho -/- mice. The overexpression of ChAT induced the expression of salivary gland functional markers (α–amylase, ZO-1, and Aqua5) in primary cultured salivary gland cells from SAMP1/Klotho +/+ and -/- mice. In an in vivo study, adeno-associated virus (AAV)-ChAT transduction significantly increased saliva secretion compared with the control in SAMP1/Klotho -/- mice. These results suggest that the dysfunction in acetylcholine biosynthesis induced by ChAT reduction may cause impaired salivary gland function     

Utilizing an Animal Model to Identify Brain Neurodegeneration-Related Biomarkers in Aging

Glycine N-methyltransferase (GNMT) regulates S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe), a methyl donor in methylation. Over-expressed SAMe may cause neurogenic capacity reduction and memory impairment. GNMT knockout mice (GNMT-KO) was applied as an experimental model to evaluate its effect on neurons. In this study, proteins from brain tissues were studied using proteomic approaches, Haemotoxylin and Eosin staining, immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, and ingenuity pathway analysis. The expression of Receptor-interacting protein 1(RIPK1) and Caspase 3 were up-regulated and activity-dependent neuroprotective protein (ADNP) was down-regulated in GNMT-KO mice regardless of the age. Besides, proteins related to neuropathology, such as excitatory amino acid transporter 2, calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit alpha, and Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase were found only in the group of aged wild-type mice; 4-aminobutyrate amino transferase, limbic system-associated membrane protein, sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 3 and ProSAAS were found only in the group of young GNMT-KO mice and are related to function of neurons; serum albumin and Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor 1 were found only in the group of aged GNMT-KO mice and are connected to neurodegenerative disorders. With proteomic analyses, a pathway involving Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) signal was found to be associated with aging. The GnRH pathway could provide additional information on the mechanism of aging and non-aging related neurodegeneration, and these protein markers may be served in developing future therapeutic treatments to ameliorate aging and prevent diseases.     

火力发电厂储能调频电池系统设计

针对电网辅助服务市场储能调频项目缺乏成熟的电池系统设计方案,一定程度上限制了储能联合火电机组调频项目的发展,为推动国内储能系统发展的规模化、标准化,提升储能火电联合调频系统的设计水平,结合某发电公司2×350 MW储能调频项目,总结出该储能调频系统设计的电池系统关键技术,并提出电池系统设计中应注意的分选、热管理和均衡控制问题.     

高温水环境对复合材料绝缘横担性能的影响研究

为更好地指导配网用复合材料绝缘横担应用,依据GB/T 20142—2006要求对密封处理及未密封处理的两类复合材料绝缘横担进行了42 h水煮(0.1％NaCl)试验,研究高温水环境对两种处理方式绝缘横担性能的影响.对水煮前后吸水率、额定弯曲负荷、拉伸强度、弯曲强度、干工频电压、干雷电冲击电压及电气强度等性能进行对比测试,同时采用SEM进行断口微观形貌分析.结果表明:在高温水环境下,密封处理绝缘横担性能优于未密封处理绝缘横担,但两种处理方式的绝缘横担额定弯曲负荷均大于6.5 kN,雷电冲击耐受电压均大于350 kV,拉伸强度和弯曲强度分别大于680 MPa和1000 MPa,表现出良好的力学及电气性能.     

基于双光谱辐射特性的绝缘异常放电检测方法研究

基于绝缘异常放电的辐射光谱特征提出一种双光谱放电检测方法.通过实验获得电晕放电、火花放电和电弧放电模式下的光谱分布特征差异,据此研制出基于固态雪崩面阵的双光谱传感器,并应用该传感器对双光谱特征与放电能量的演化关系进行研究,然后总结基于双光谱强度占比的放电危险性量化判据.结果表明:3种放电模式下光辐射存在一定的极性效应,双光谱强度比率与放电强度之间呈现强相关性,且低能放电和高能放电的双光谱占比变化范围几乎不存在交集,这可以作为判断局部放电或电弧放电的有效判据,为设备异常放电的光学监测与诊断提供思路.     

装配式凸轮轴滚花连接机理及连接强度研究

装配式凸轮轴与传统凸轮轴相比具有重量轻、加工成本低、材料利用合理等优点。是新型的凸轮轴制造技术, 具有广泛的发展空间。而其连接方法是装配式凸轮轴制造的关键技术。本文基于相异材料的咬合连接理论, 提出了滚花式塑性变形连接机理, 对不同材料、尺寸的滚花式凸轮轴静连接强度及疲劳强度进行了实验研究, 同时分析了滚花连接的不同连接状况以及凸轮压装张紧应力。     

TA15合金的热变形行为及加工图

研究了TA15合金的热模拟压缩实验。结果表明：变形温度的升高和应变速率的减小使峰值应力和稳态应力显著降低，变形温度会影响进入稳态流动所需变形量。以热模拟压缩实验为基础，建立的加工图表明：TA15合金高温变形时存在2个非稳定区域，一个是变形温度1300K以上和应变速率10．0s^-1以上的区域，另一个是变形温度1200K以下和应变速率0．006s^-1～1．995s^-1之间的区域。同时，建立的TA15合金高温变形时的流动应力模型表征了变形温度、应变速率和变形程度对流动应力的影响，模型的计算精度较高。